What is a primary environmental concern regarding septic systems?

The primary environmental concern regarding septic systems is their potential to contribute to groundwater contamination. Septic systems are designed to treat and dispose of wastewater from homes. However, if they are not properly maintained or are installed in unsuitable locations, the waste can seep into the ground and contaminate the local groundwater supply.

Groundwater is a critical resource for drinking water and irrigation, and when septage (the mixture of solids, liquids, and organic waste) leaks into groundwater, it can introduce harmful pathogens and nutrients, leading to serious public health risks and environmental degradation. Diseases caused by contaminated water, as well as issues related to excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, can harm aquatic ecosystems, causing problems like algae blooms.

Understanding this concern is crucial for anyone involved in the installation, maintenance, or regulation of septic systems, as it emphasizes the importance of proper design, installation, and regular upkeep to protect both the environment and human health.